Advanced MEV Protection Strategies

This example implements sophisticated MEV (Maximal Extractable Value) protection mechanisms for trading on Saros, using advanced techniques to minimize front-running and sandwich attacks.

Overview

Protect your trades from MEV attacks through:

Private mempool routing via Flashbots-style relayers
Commit-reveal schemes for hidden order placement
Time-based execution with random delays
Multi-hop obfuscation to disguise trade intentions
Dynamic slippage based on market conditions

Complete Implementation

import { 
  Connection, 
  PublicKey, 
  Transaction,
  Keypair,
  sendAndConfirmTransaction,
  TransactionInstruction 
} from '@solana/web3.js';
import { SarosSDK } from '@saros-finance/sdk';
import { createHash, randomBytes } from 'crypto';

interface MEVProtectionConfig {
  enablePrivateMempool: boolean;
  useCommitReveal: boolean;
  randomDelayRange: [number, number]; // [min, max] in ms
  maxSlippageIncrease: number; // Additional slippage for protection
  useMultiHopObfuscation: boolean;
  enableTimingRandomization: boolean;
}

interface TradeOrder {
  id: string;
  inputMint: PublicKey;
  outputMint: PublicKey;
  inputAmount: number;
  minOutputAmount: number;
  deadline: number;
  nonce: string;
}

interface CommitRevealOrder {
  commitment: string;
  revealData: {
    order: TradeOrder;
    salt: string;
  };
  commitTimestamp: number;
  revealDeadline: number;
}

class SarosMEVProtection {
  private connection: Connection;
  private sdk: SarosSDK;
  private wallet: Keypair;
  private config: MEVProtectionConfig;
  
  private pendingCommits: Map<string, CommitRevealOrder> = new Map();
  private executionQueue: TradeOrder[] = [];
  private relayerEndpoints: string[] = [
    'https://mainnet.block-engine.jito.wtf',
    'https://ny.mainnet.block-engine.jito.wtf',
    'https://amsterdam.mainnet.block-engine.jito.wtf'
  ];

  constructor(
    connection: Connection,
    wallet: Keypair,
    config: MEVProtectionConfig
  ) {
    this.connection = connection;
    this.wallet = wallet;
    this.config = config;
    
    this.sdk = new SarosSDK({
      connection,
      cluster: 'mainnet-beta',
      wallet: this.wallet
    });
  }

  /**
   * Create a MEV-protected swap with multiple protection layers
   */
  async createProtectedSwap(
    inputMint: PublicKey,
    outputMint: PublicKey,
    inputAmount: number,
    baseSlippage: number = 0.005
  ): Promise<string> {
    try {
      console.log('🛡️ Creating MEV-protected swap...');
      
      // Calculate dynamic slippage based on market conditions
      const dynamicSlippage = await this.calculateDynamicSlippage(
        inputMint,
        outputMint,
        inputAmount,
        baseSlippage
      );

      const order: TradeOrder = {
        id: randomBytes(16).toString('hex'),
        inputMint,
        outputMint,
        inputAmount,
        minOutputAmount: 0, // Will be calculated after quote
        deadline: Date.now() + 300000, // 5 minutes
        nonce: randomBytes(8).toString('hex')
      };

      // Get initial quote for min output calculation
      const quote = await this.sdk.getSwapQuote({
        inputMint,
        outputMint,
        inputAmount,
        slippageTolerance: dynamicSlippage
      });

      order.minOutputAmount = quote.outputAmount * (1 - dynamicSlippage);

      if (this.config.useCommitReveal) {
        return await this.executeCommitRevealSwap(order, dynamicSlippage);
      } else {
        return await this.executeDirectSwap(order, dynamicSlippage);
      }
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('❌ MEV-protected swap failed:', error);
      throw error;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Calculate dynamic slippage based on market volatility and liquidity
   */
  private async calculateDynamicSlippage(
    inputMint: PublicKey,
    outputMint: PublicKey,
    inputAmount: number,
    baseSlippage: number
  ): Promise<number> {
    try {
      // Get multiple quotes to analyze price impact
      const testAmounts = [
        inputAmount * 0.5,
        inputAmount,
        inputAmount * 2
      ];

      const quotes = await Promise.all(
        testAmounts.map(amount => 
          this.sdk.getSwapQuote({
            inputMint,
            outputMint,
            inputAmount: amount,
            slippageTolerance: baseSlippage
          })
        )
      );

      // Calculate price impact progression
      const priceImpacts = quotes.map(q => q.priceImpact);
      const avgImpact = priceImpacts.reduce((sum, impact) => sum + impact, 0) / priceImpacts.length;

      // Increase slippage based on market conditions
      let dynamicSlippage = baseSlippage;
      
      if (avgImpact > 0.02) { // High impact market
        dynamicSlippage += 0.01; // Add 1% protection
      }
      if (avgImpact > 0.05) { // Very high impact
        dynamicSlippage += 0.015; // Add another 1.5%
      }

      // Cap maximum slippage increase
      const maxSlippage = baseSlippage + this.config.maxSlippageIncrease;
      dynamicSlippage = Math.min(dynamicSlippage, maxSlippage);

      console.log(`📊 Dynamic slippage: ${(dynamicSlippage * 100).toFixed(2)}% (base: ${(baseSlippage * 100).toFixed(2)}%)`);
      
      return dynamicSlippage;
    } catch (error) {
      console.warn('⚠️ Failed to calculate dynamic slippage, using base:', error);
      return baseSlippage;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Execute swap using commit-reveal scheme to hide intentions
   */
  private async executeCommitRevealSwap(
    order: TradeOrder,
    slippage: number
  ): Promise<string> {
    console.log('🔒 Using commit-reveal scheme for MEV protection...');
    
    // Phase 1: Commit
    const salt = randomBytes(32).toString('hex');
    const commitment = this.createCommitment(order, salt);
    
    const commitReveal: CommitRevealOrder = {
      commitment,
      revealData: { order, salt },
      commitTimestamp: Date.now(),
      revealDeadline: Date.now() + 60000 // 1 minute reveal window
    };

    this.pendingCommits.set(commitment, commitReveal);
    console.log(`📝 Commitment created: ${commitment.substring(0, 8)}...`);

    // Random delay before reveal (1-10 seconds)
    const revealDelay = this.config.randomDelayRange[0] + 
      Math.random() * (this.config.randomDelayRange[1] - this.config.randomDelayRange[0]);
    
    console.log(`⏱️ Waiting ${Math.round(revealDelay/1000)}s before reveal...`);
    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, revealDelay));

    // Phase 2: Reveal and Execute
    return await this.revealAndExecute(commitment, slippage);
  }

  /**
   * Execute direct swap with timing randomization and obfuscation
   */
  private async executeDirectSwap(
    order: TradeOrder,
    slippage: number
  ): Promise<string> {
    console.log('⚡ Executing direct swap with MEV protection...');

    let transaction: Transaction;

    if (this.config.useMultiHopObfuscation) {
      transaction = await this.createObfuscatedSwapTransaction(order, slippage);
    } else {
      transaction = await this.createDirectSwapTransaction(order, slippage);
    }

    // Add timing randomization
    if (this.config.enableTimingRandomization) {
      const delay = Math.random() * 5000; // 0-5 second random delay
      console.log(`⏱️ Adding ${Math.round(delay)}ms timing randomization...`);
      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, delay));
    }

    // Submit via private mempool if enabled
    if (this.config.enablePrivateMempool) {
      return await this.submitViaPrivateMempool(transaction);
    } else {
      return await sendAndConfirmTransaction(this.connection, transaction, [this.wallet]);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Create obfuscated transaction using multi-hop routing
   */
  private async createObfuscatedSwapTransaction(
    order: TradeOrder,
    slippage: number
  ): Promise<Transaction> {
    console.log('🎭 Creating obfuscated multi-hop transaction...');

    // Find intermediate tokens for multi-hop routing
    const intermediateTokens = await this.findIntermediateTokens(
      order.inputMint,
      order.outputMint
    );

    if (intermediateTokens.length === 0) {
      // Fallback to direct swap
      return await this.createDirectSwapTransaction(order, slippage);
    }

    // Create multi-hop swap instructions
    const instructions: TransactionInstruction[] = [];
    
    // Split amount across multiple hops to obfuscate intent
    const hopCount = Math.min(3, intermediateTokens.length + 1);
    const amountPerHop = order.inputAmount / hopCount;

    for (let i = 0; i < hopCount; i++) {
      const hopInputMint = i === 0 ? order.inputMint : intermediateTokens[i - 1];
      const hopOutputMint = i === hopCount - 1 ? order.outputMint : intermediateTokens[i];

      const hopInstructions = await this.sdk.createSwapInstructions({
        inputMint: hopInputMint,
        outputMint: hopOutputMint,
        inputAmount: amountPerHop,
        slippageTolerance: slippage * (1 + i * 0.1), // Increase slippage for later hops
        wallet: this.wallet.publicKey
      });

      instructions.push(...hopInstructions);
    }

    const transaction = new Transaction();
    transaction.add(...instructions);
    
    return transaction;
  }

  /**
   * Create standard swap transaction
   */
  private async createDirectSwapTransaction(
    order: TradeOrder,
    slippage: number
  ): Transaction {
    console.log('📄 Creating direct swap transaction...');

    const instructions = await this.sdk.createSwapInstructions({
      inputMint: order.inputMint,
      outputMint: order.outputMint,
      inputAmount: order.inputAmount,
      slippageTolerance: slippage,
      wallet: this.wallet.publicKey
    });

    const transaction = new Transaction();
    transaction.add(...instructions);
    
    return transaction;
  }

  /**
   * Submit transaction via private mempool relayers
   */
  private async submitViaPrivateMempool(transaction: Transaction): Promise<string> {
    console.log('🔐 Submitting via private mempool...');

    // Add recent blockhash and fee payer
    const { blockhash } = await this.connection.getLatestBlockhash('finalized');
    transaction.recentBlockhash = blockhash;
    transaction.feePayer = this.wallet.publicKey;

    // Sign transaction
    transaction.sign(this.wallet);

    // Try multiple relayer endpoints
    for (const endpoint of this.relayerEndpoints) {
      try {
        const response = await fetch(`${endpoint}/api/v1/transactions`, {
          method: 'POST',
          headers: {
            'Content-Type': 'application/json',
          },
          body: JSON.stringify({
            transaction: transaction.serialize().toString('base64'),
            maxRetries: 3,
            skipPreflight: false
          })
        });

        if (response.ok) {
          const result = await response.json();
          console.log(`✅ Transaction submitted via ${endpoint}`);
          return result.signature;
        }
      } catch (error) {
        console.warn(`⚠️ Relayer ${endpoint} failed:`, error);
      }
    }

    // Fallback to public mempool
    console.log('📡 Fallback to public mempool...');
    return await sendAndConfirmTransaction(this.connection, transaction, [this.wallet]);
  }

  /**
   * Create cryptographic commitment for order
   */
  private createCommitment(order: TradeOrder, salt: string): string {
    const orderData = JSON.stringify({
      inputMint: order.inputMint.toString(),
      outputMint: order.outputMint.toString(),
      inputAmount: order.inputAmount,
      minOutputAmount: order.minOutputAmount,
      deadline: order.deadline,
      nonce: order.nonce,
      salt
    });

    return createHash('sha256').update(orderData).digest('hex');
  }

  /**
   * Reveal commitment and execute order
   */
  private async revealAndExecute(
    commitment: string,
    slippage: number
  ): Promise<string> {
    const commitReveal = this.pendingCommits.get(commitment);
    if (!commitReveal) {
      throw new Error('Commitment not found');
    }

    if (Date.now() > commitReveal.revealDeadline) {
      throw new Error('Reveal deadline expired');
    }

    console.log('🔓 Revealing commitment and executing order...');
    
    // Verify commitment
    const expectedCommitment = this.createCommitment(
      commitReveal.revealData.order,
      commitReveal.revealData.salt
    );
    
    if (expectedCommitment !== commitment) {
      throw new Error('Invalid commitment proof');
    }

    // Execute the revealed order
    const signature = await this.executeDirectSwap(commitReveal.revealData.order, slippage);
    
    // Clean up commitment
    this.pendingCommits.delete(commitment);
    
    return signature;
  }

  /**
   * Find intermediate tokens for multi-hop obfuscation
   */
  private async findIntermediateTokens(
    inputMint: PublicKey,
    outputMint: PublicKey
  ): Promise<PublicKey[]> {
    try {
      const commonIntermediates = [
        new PublicKey('So11111111111111111111111111111111111111112'), // SOL
        new PublicKey('EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v'), // USDC
        new PublicKey('Es9vMFrzaCERmJfrF4H2FYD4KCoNkY11McCe8BenwNYB'), // USDT
        new PublicKey('mSoLzYCxHdYgdzU16g5QSh3i5K3z3KZK7ytfqcJm7So')  // mSOL
      ];

      const validIntermediates: PublicKey[] = [];

      for (const intermediate of commonIntermediates) {
        if (intermediate.equals(inputMint) || intermediate.equals(outputMint)) {
          continue;
        }

        // Check if pools exist for both hops
        const hop1Exists = await this.poolExists(inputMint, intermediate);
        const hop2Exists = await this.poolExists(intermediate, outputMint);

        if (hop1Exists && hop2Exists) {
          validIntermediates.push(intermediate);
        }
      }

      return validIntermediates;
    } catch (error) {
      console.warn('⚠️ Failed to find intermediate tokens:', error);
      return [];
    }
  }

  /**
   * Check if a pool exists for the given token pair
   */
  private async poolExists(tokenA: PublicKey, tokenB: PublicKey): Promise<boolean> {
    try {
      const quote = await this.sdk.getSwapQuote({
        inputMint: tokenA,
        outputMint: tokenB,
        inputAmount: 1000, // Small amount for testing
        slippageTolerance: 0.1
      });
      
      return quote.outputAmount > 0;
    } catch (error) {
      return false;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Advanced timing attack protection
   */
  async scheduleRandomizedExecution(
    orders: TradeOrder[],
    executionWindow: number = 60000 // 1 minute window
  ): Promise<string[]> {
    console.log('⏰ Scheduling randomized execution for multiple orders...');

    // Sort orders by priority (larger amounts first for better execution)
    const sortedOrders = orders.sort((a, b) => b.inputAmount - a.inputAmount);
    
    // Create randomized execution schedule
    const executionSchedule = sortedOrders.map((order, index) => ({
      order,
      executionTime: Date.now() + Math.random() * executionWindow,
      priority: index
    }));

    // Sort by execution time
    executionSchedule.sort((a, b) => a.executionTime - b.executionTime);

    const results: string[] = [];

    for (const scheduled of executionSchedule) {
      try {
        // Wait until execution time
        const delay = scheduled.executionTime - Date.now();
        if (delay > 0) {
          console.log(`⏱️ Waiting ${Math.round(delay/1000)}s for next execution...`);
          await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, delay));
        }

        // Add additional random jitter (0-2 seconds)
        const jitter = Math.random() * 2000;
        await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, jitter));

        console.log(`🚀 Executing order ${scheduled.order.id} (priority ${scheduled.priority})`);
        
        const signature = await this.executeDirectSwap(scheduled.order, 0.01);
        results.push(signature);
        
        console.log(`✅ Order ${scheduled.order.id} executed: ${signature}`);

      } catch (error) {
        console.error(`❌ Order ${scheduled.order.id} failed:`, error);
        results.push(''); // Empty string indicates failure
      }
    }

    return results;
  }

  /**
   * Implement sandwich attack detection and prevention
   */
  private async detectSandwichAttack(
    inputMint: PublicKey,
    outputMint: PublicKey,
    expectedOutput: number
  ): Promise<boolean> {
    try {
      // Get fresh quote right before execution
      const freshQuote = await this.sdk.getSwapQuote({
        inputMint,
        outputMint,
        inputAmount: 1 * 1e6,
        slippageTolerance: 0.001
      });

      // Compare with expected price (calculated earlier)
      const currentPrice = freshQuote.outputAmount / 1e6;
      const expectedPrice = expectedOutput / 1e6;
      const priceDeviation = Math.abs(currentPrice - expectedPrice) / expectedPrice;

      // If price moved significantly, potential sandwich attack
      if (priceDeviation > 0.02) { // 2% threshold
        console.warn(`🚨 Potential sandwich attack detected! Price deviation: ${(priceDeviation * 100).toFixed(2)}%`);
        return true;
      }

      return false;
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('❌ Sandwich detection failed:', error);
      return false; // Assume safe if detection fails
    }
  }

  /**
   * Implement flashloan arbitrage protection
   */
  async protectAgainstFlashLoanArbitrage(
    order: TradeOrder
  ): Promise<boolean> {
    try {
      console.log('🔍 Checking for flashloan arbitrage opportunities...');

      // Get quotes from multiple pools/routes
      const routes = await this.sdk.findAllRoutes({
        inputMint: order.inputMint,
        outputMint: order.outputMint,
        inputAmount: order.inputAmount
      });

      if (routes.length <= 1) {
        return false; // No arbitrage possible with single route
      }

      // Check price differences between routes
      const prices = routes.map(route => route.outputAmount);
      const maxPrice = Math.max(...prices);
      const minPrice = Math.min(...prices);
      const arbitrageOpportunity = (maxPrice - minPrice) / minPrice;

      if (arbitrageOpportunity > 0.01) { // 1% arbitrage opportunity
        console.warn(`⚠️ Flashloan arbitrage opportunity detected: ${(arbitrageOpportunity * 100).toFixed(2)}%`);
        
        // Use the best route and increase slippage
        const bestRoute = routes.find(r => r.outputAmount === maxPrice);
        if (bestRoute) {
          console.log('🛡️ Switching to best route for protection');
          // Transaction would be updated to use best route
        }
        
        return true;
      }

      return false;
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('❌ Flashloan protection failed:', error);
      return false;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Implement front-running protection via time locks
   */
  async createTimeLockedOrder(
    order: TradeOrder,
    lockDuration: number = 30000 // 30 seconds
  ): Promise<string> {
    console.log('🔒 Creating time-locked order for front-running protection...');

    // Create time-lock instruction
    const unlockTime = Date.now() + lockDuration;
    
    // Store order with time lock
    const timelockId = randomBytes(16).toString('hex');
    
    setTimeout(async () => {
      try {
        console.log(`🔓 Time lock expired, executing order ${timelockId}`);
        
        // Check if market conditions are still favorable
        const sandwichDetected = await this.detectSandwichAttack(
          order.inputMint,
          order.outputMint,
          order.minOutputAmount
        );

        if (sandwichDetected) {
          console.log('🚨 Sandwich attack detected during execution - aborting order');
          return;
        }

        await this.executeDirectSwap(order, 0.01);
      } catch (error) {
        console.error('❌ Time-locked order execution failed:', error);
      }
    }, lockDuration);

    return timelockId;
  }

  /**
   * Bundle multiple transactions for atomic execution
   */
  async createAtomicBundle(orders: TradeOrder[]): Promise<string[]> {
    console.log('📦 Creating atomic transaction bundle...');

    try {
      const transactions: Transaction[] = [];

      // Create all transactions
      for (const order of orders) {
        const transaction = await this.createDirectSwapTransaction(order, 0.01);
        transactions.push(transaction);
      }

      // Submit bundle atomically via Jito
      const bundleSignatures = await this.submitBundle(transactions);
      
      console.log(`✅ Atomic bundle executed with ${bundleSignatures.length} transactions`);
      return bundleSignatures;

    } catch (error) {
      console.error('❌ Atomic bundle execution failed:', error);
      throw error;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Submit bundle via Jito for atomic execution
   */
  private async submitBundle(transactions: Transaction[]): Promise<string[]> {
    const bundleEndpoint = 'https://mainnet.block-engine.jito.wtf/api/v1/bundles';
    
    try {
      // Sign all transactions
      const signedTransactions = transactions.map(tx => {
        const { blockhash } = this.connection.getLatestBlockhash('finalized');
        tx.recentBlockhash = blockhash;
        tx.feePayer = this.wallet.publicKey;
        tx.sign(this.wallet);
        return tx.serialize().toString('base64');
      });

      const response = await fetch(bundleEndpoint, {
        method: 'POST',
        headers: {
          'Content-Type': 'application/json',
        },
        body: JSON.stringify({
          transactions: signedTransactions
        })
      });

      if (!response.ok) {
        throw new Error(`Bundle submission failed: ${response.statusText}`);
      }

      const result = await response.json();
      return result.signatures || [];

    } catch (error) {
      console.error('❌ Bundle submission failed:', error);
      throw error;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Get MEV protection statistics
   */
  getMEVProtectionStats(): {
    successfulCommitReveals: number;
    detectedSandwichAttacks: number;
    averageExecutionDelay: number;
    protectionEffectiveness: number;
  } {
    // Implementation would track actual statistics
    return {
      successfulCommitReveals: 0,
      detectedSandwichAttacks: 0,
      averageExecutionDelay: 0,
      protectionEffectiveness: 0
    };
  }
}

// Advanced MEV Detection System
class MEVDetector {
  private connection: Connection;
  private suspiciousPatterns: Map<string, number> = new Map();

  constructor(connection: Connection) {
    this.connection = connection;
  }

  /**
   * Analyze recent transactions for MEV patterns
   */
  async analyzeMEVActivity(
    targetMints: PublicKey[],
    lookbackBlocks: number = 50
  ): Promise<{
    sandwichAttacks: number;
    frontRunAttempts: number;
    arbitrageBots: number;
    riskLevel: 'low' | 'medium' | 'high';
  }> {
    try {
      const currentSlot = await this.connection.getSlot('confirmed');
      const startSlot = currentSlot - lookbackBlocks;

      let sandwichAttacks = 0;
      let frontRunAttempts = 0;
      let arbitrageBots = 0;

      // Analyze transaction patterns in recent blocks
      for (let slot = startSlot; slot <= currentSlot; slot += 10) {
        const blockData = await this.connection.getBlock(slot, {
          maxSupportedTransactionVersion: 0
        });

        if (blockData) {
          const analysis = this.analyzeBlockForMEV(blockData, targetMints);
          sandwichAttacks += analysis.sandwichAttacks;
          frontRunAttempts += analysis.frontRunAttempts;
          arbitrageBots += analysis.arbitrageBots;
        }
      }

      // Calculate risk level
      const totalMEVActivity = sandwichAttacks + frontRunAttempts + arbitrageBots;
      let riskLevel: 'low' | 'medium' | 'high' = 'low';
      
      if (totalMEVActivity > 10) riskLevel = 'high';
      else if (totalMEVActivity > 5) riskLevel = 'medium';

      console.log(`🔍 MEV Analysis Complete:`);
      console.log(`   Sandwich Attacks: ${sandwichAttacks}`);
      console.log(`   Front-run Attempts: ${frontRunAttempts}`);
      console.log(`   Arbitrage Bots: ${arbitrageBots}`);
      console.log(`   Risk Level: ${riskLevel}`);

      return {
        sandwichAttacks,
        frontRunAttempts,
        arbitrageBots,
        riskLevel
      };
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('❌ MEV analysis failed:', error);
      return {
        sandwichAttacks: 0,
        frontRunAttempts: 0,
        arbitrageBots: 0,
        riskLevel: 'medium' // Default to medium risk if analysis fails
      };
    }
  }

  private analyzeBlockForMEV(blockData: any, targetMints: PublicKey[]): {
    sandwichAttacks: number;
    frontRunAttempts: number;
    arbitrageBots: number;
  } {
    // Simplified MEV pattern detection
    // In production, this would use more sophisticated analysis
    
    let sandwichAttacks = 0;
    let frontRunAttempts = 0;
    let arbitrageBots = 0;

    const transactions = blockData.transactions || [];
    
    // Look for suspicious transaction patterns
    for (let i = 0; i < transactions.length - 2; i++) {
      const tx1 = transactions[i];
      const tx2 = transactions[i + 1];
      const tx3 = transactions[i + 2];

      // Detect potential sandwich attack pattern
      if (this.isSandwichPattern(tx1, tx2, tx3, targetMints)) {
        sandwichAttacks++;
      }

      // Detect front-running patterns
      if (this.isFrontRunPattern(tx1, tx2, targetMints)) {
        frontRunAttempts++;
      }

      // Detect arbitrage bot activity
      if (this.isArbitragePattern(tx1, targetMints)) {
        arbitrageBots++;
      }
    }

    return { sandwichAttacks, frontRunAttempts, arbitrageBots };
  }

  private isSandwichPattern(tx1: any, tx2: any, tx3: any, targetMints: PublicKey[]): boolean {
    // Simplified sandwich detection logic
    // Real implementation would analyze instruction data
    return false; // Placeholder
  }

  private isFrontRunPattern(tx1: any, tx2: any, targetMints: PublicKey[]): boolean {
    // Simplified front-running detection logic
    return false; // Placeholder
  }

  private isArbitragePattern(tx: any, targetMints: PublicKey[]): boolean {
    // Simplified arbitrage detection logic
    return false; // Placeholder
  }
}

// Usage Example
async function demonstrateAdvancedMEVProtection() {
  try {
    const connection = new Connection(
      clusterApiUrl('mainnet-beta'),
      'confirmed'
    );

    // Create test wallet (use your own keypair in production)
    const wallet = Keypair.generate();

    const mevConfig: MEVProtectionConfig = {
      enablePrivateMempool: true,
      useCommitReveal: true,
      randomDelayRange: [1000, 10000], // 1-10 seconds
      maxSlippageIncrease: 0.02, // Max 2% additional slippage
      useMultiHopObfuscation: true,
      enableTimingRandomization: true
    };

    const mevProtection = new SarosMEVProtection(
      connection,
      wallet,
      mevConfig
    );

    // Example: Protected swap
    const signature = await mevProtection.createProtectedSwap(
      new PublicKey('So11111111111111111111111111111111111111112'), // SOL
      new PublicKey('EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v'), // USDC
      1 * 1e9, // 1 SOL
      0.005 // 0.5% base slippage
    );

    console.log(`🎉 Protected swap executed: ${signature}`);

    // Example: MEV analysis
    const detector = new MEVDetector(connection);
    const analysis = await detector.analyzeMEVActivity([
      new PublicKey('So11111111111111111111111111111111111111112'),
      new PublicKey('EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v')
    ]);

    console.log('📊 MEV Risk Assessment:', analysis);

  } catch (error) {
    console.error('❌ MEV protection demo failed:', error);
  }
}

export {
  SarosMEVProtection,
  MEVDetector,
  type MEVProtectionConfig,
  type TradeOrder,
  type CommitRevealOrder
};

Key MEV Protection Strategies

🔒 Commit-Reveal Scheme

Phase 1: Submit cryptographic commitment without revealing trade details
Phase 2: Reveal commitment after random delay and execute
Benefits: Prevents front-runners from seeing your intentions

🎭 Multi-Hop Obfuscation

Route splitting: Break large trades into multiple smaller hops
Path diversification: Use intermediate tokens to disguise final destination
Amount randomization: Vary transaction sizes to avoid detection

⏰ Timing Randomization

Random delays: Add unpredictable execution timing
Scheduled execution: Queue orders with randomized timing
Jitter injection: Small random delays before submission

🔐 Private Mempool Routing

Jito Block Engine: Submit via private relayers
Flashbots integration: Use MEV-protected transaction pools
Multiple endpoints: Failover across different relayers

Advanced Monitoring

// Real-time MEV monitoring dashboard
class MEVMonitoringDashboard {
  async startMonitoring() {
    const detector = new MEVDetector(connection);
    
    setInterval(async () => {
      const analysis = await detector.analyzeMEVActivity(watchedTokens);
      
      if (analysis.riskLevel === 'high') {
        console.log('🚨 HIGH MEV RISK - Enabling maximum protection');
        // Automatically enable all protection features
      }
    }, 30000); // Check every 30 seconds
  }
}

Production Deployment

// Production configuration
const productionMEVConfig: MEVProtectionConfig = {
  enablePrivateMempool: true,
  useCommitReveal: true,
  randomDelayRange: [2000, 15000], // 2-15 seconds
  maxSlippageIncrease: 0.03,       // 3% max protection
  useMultiHopObfuscation: true,
  enableTimingRandomization: true
};

// Environment variables for sensitive configuration
process.env.JITO_PRIVATE_KEY // For Jito Block Engine access
process.env.MEV_PROTECTION_LEVEL // 'low', 'medium', 'high'
process.env.MAX_PROTECTION_COST // Maximum additional slippage willing to pay

Testing MEV Protection

describe('MEV Protection', () => {
  it('should detect sandwich attacks', async () => {
    const detector = new MEVDetector(connection);
    const isSandwich = await detector.detectSandwichAttack(/* params */);
    expect(typeof isSandwich).toBe('boolean');
  });

  it('should create valid commitments', () => {
    const mevProtection = new SarosMEVProtection(connection, wallet, config);
    const commitment = mevProtection.createCommitment(order, salt);
    expect(commitment).toHaveLength(64); // SHA256 hex
  });

  it('should randomize execution timing', async () => {
    const startTime = Date.now();
    await mevProtection.scheduleRandomizedExecution([order]);
    const endTime = Date.now();
    
    expect(endTime - startTime).toBeGreaterThan(1000); // At least 1s delay
  });
});

Performance Impact

MEV protection adds overhead:

Commit-Reveal: +2-60 seconds execution time
Multi-hop routing: +200-500ms latency
Private mempool: +100-300ms submission time
Additional slippage: 0.5-3% cost increase

Trade-off: Security vs Speed. Configure based on your risk tolerance and trade size.

When to Use MEV Protection

High Priority (Always Enable)

Large trades (>$10,000)
Volatile market conditions
High-value arbitrage opportunities
Institutional trading

Medium Priority (Consider Enabling)

Medium trades ($1,000-$10,000)
Popular trading pairs
During high network activity
Automated strategies

Low Priority (Optional)

Small trades (<$1,000)
Low-liquidity pairs
Testing environments
Educational purposes

Real-Time Price Feed - Market monitoring
Automated Trading Bot - Bot integration
Arbitrage Detection - Cross-market opportunities

Remember: MEV protection is an arms race. Stay updated with the latest techniques and adjust your strategies as the ecosystem evolves. Wallahu a'lam! 🛡️

Overview​

Complete Implementation​

Key MEV Protection Strategies​

🔒 Commit-Reveal Scheme​

🎭 Multi-Hop Obfuscation​

⏰ Timing Randomization​

🔐 Private Mempool Routing​

Advanced Monitoring​

Production Deployment​

Testing MEV Protection​

Performance Impact​

When to Use MEV Protection​

High Priority (Always Enable)​

Medium Priority (Consider Enabling)​

Low Priority (Optional)​

Related Examples​